Census Statistics |

Negro mother and child on bed in their cabin near Jefferson, Texas
Population
| year | blacks | whites | blacks percentage |
total | year | blacks | whites | blacks percentage |
total | |
| 1860* | 2017 | 1960 | 0.51 | 3977 | 1950 | 10172 | ||||
| 1870 | 4362 | 4200 | 0.51 | 8562 | 1960 | 8049 | ||||
| 1880 | 7210 | 3759 | 0.66 | 10983 | 1970 | |||||
| 1890 | 6,989 | 0.64 | 10,862 | 1980 | 10360 | |||||
| 1900 | 10,754 | 1990 | 3,100 | 6,792 | 0.34 | 9,984 | ||||
| 1910 | 6,725 | 3,744 | 0.64 | 10,472 | 2000 | 23.9% | 10,941 | |||
| 1920 | 10,886 | 2010 | ||||||||
| 1930 | 10,371 | |||||||||
| 1940 | 6,716 | 0.59 | 11,457 |
* blacks were slaves in 1860
| 1870 | 1860 | ||||||
| Total | Native | Foreign | White | Colored | White | Colored | |
| 1 | 279 | 279 | ------- | 106 | 173 | ------- | ------- |
| 2 | 1516 | 1499 | 17 | 774 | 742 | ------- | ------- |
| 4 | 1710 | 1704 | 6 | 656 | 1054 | ------- | ------- |
| 5 | 867 | 862 | 5 | 299 | 568 | ------- | ------- |
| Jefferson | 4190 | 3816 | 374 | 2365 | 1825 | 722 | 266 |
| 1st | 1247 | 1156 | 91 | 758 | 489 | ------- | ------- |
| 2d | 1266 | 1187 | 79 | 555 | 711 | ------- | ------- |
| 3d | 1102 | 945 | 157 | 718 | 384 | ------- | ------- |
| 4th | 575 | 528 | 47 | 334 | 241 | ------- | ------- |